Exploring Low-Carbon Design and Construction Techniques: Lessons from Vernacular Architecture

This paper presents a comprehensive review of low-carbon materials and construction techniques commonly used in vernacular buildings. The study highlights the relevance architecture context shift towards sustainable practices. A combination climatic zone map, language type continent map is to identify regions. Eight bio-based materials, including wood, adobe, rammed earth, cob, sod, thatch, bamboo, straw bales, are discussed, along with their characteristics, availability, environmental impacts. associated these explained, emphasizing simplicity, cost-effectiveness, adaptability. also explores two important design approaches: for disassembly modularity that were building. found use derived from can contribute minimizing waste, reducing impacts, promoting circular economy building industry. research provides valuable insights architects, engineers, policymakers seeking alternatives sector.